Cleaning wood - How to Clean Wood Furniture With Dish Soap. Here's our recommended gentle cleaning process that will work to clean and protect various wood furniture. If you truly feel unsure about what to do or what …

 
Step 2: Cleaning Process. Run Warm Water. Fill the bathtub with warm water, ensuring the temperature is comfortable and won’t damage the wood blinds. Dirt and grime can be removed from blinds using this solution. Avoid using hot water as it can warp or damage the wood.. Most unbiased news channel

A suitable ratio is 240 milliliters (1 cup) of water to 45 milliliters (three teaspoons) in vinegar. Clean any dust from the chair and table by wiping them down using an abrasive cloth. Then you dip one of the microfiber towels into the solution and start wiping furniture from one section. Be careful not to soak your wood in water, and keep a ...Feb 21, 2024 · 1 cup of water. tb1234. To make this homemade wood cleaner, start by steeping the bag of tea in the cup of boiling water for approximately ten minutes. Allow the tea to cool before using, since the boiling water may warp the wood. Next, dip a cloth into the drink, wring it out, then wipe along with the wood furniture. Dilute vinegar: Dilute a 1:1 ratio of distilled white vinegar and water in a sink or bucket. Apply vinegar: Dip a cloth or sponge into the solution and gently rub the cabinets clean. Open the door and wash the frames, too. Repeat for each cabinet, working from top to bottom. Dry: No need to rinse the vinegar off.Here are tips to get them off! Apply whitening toothpaste in circular motions with a soft cloth, then wipe clean. Mix equal parts olive oil and distilled white vinegar and rub into the grain off the wood, then wipe clean. Combine baking soda + water to make a paste. Rub into the stain, then wipe clean.Cleaning wood cabinets is both simple and cost-effective. I often start with a gentle mixture of warm water and soap, using a soft cloth to wipe surfaces. For tougher grease, I make a paste of baking soda and water, applying it directly to the stain and wiping it clean after a few minutes.3 Methods To Clean And Shine Wood Cabinets. Here are the 3 most effective ways to clean your wooden cabinets: Cleaning Up the Surface. Using White Vinegar. Utilizing Baking Soda. Like interior designs, appliances, and other household furniture, wood cabinets require extra care, especially if you’re conscious of cleanliness.Jul 22, 2021 · Step 3: Waxing and Refinishing. After you’re done cleaning your wood, it can be helpful to create a protective layer on the surface to prevent future scratches, grime build-up and other wear and tear. Using a wood polish will give you a nice shine, but a great way to seal in your clean wood is to use furniture wax. To polish wood, I blend mineral oil and lemon oil for a natural shine. If I notice any water stains, I rub them with mayonnaise and leave them overnight before …Aug 30, 2023 · Place a small amount onto a clean, soft cloth, and rub it gently into the surface of the wood, following the direction of the wood grain. Finish by buffing it with a clean, dry cloth. You can also protect wood furniture using a glass top, which can help keep away scratches and scuffs and add years to your furniture. How to Clean Wood Furniture With Dish Soap. Here's our recommended gentle cleaning process that will work to clean and protect various wood furniture. If you truly feel unsure about what to do or what …Step 2: Cleaning Process. Run Warm Water. Fill the bathtub with warm water, ensuring the temperature is comfortable and won’t damage the wood blinds. Dirt and grime can be removed from blinds using this solution. Avoid using hot water as it can warp or damage the wood.When cleaning wood tables with murphy’s oil soap, it is always best to dilute the soap by getting a container filled with a gallon of warm water and only adding 1/2 cup of oil soap into it. After doing this just dip a microfiber cleaning cloth into the soapy water and use it to wipe your wood tables.1 Dampen a lint-free cloth slightly. A dry cloth can help rid the surface of wood furniture of dust, but you often wind up sending the dust airborne. To avoid spreading it to the rest of your home, wet a soft, …Jun 9, 2023 · Vacuum Floors. When considering how to clean hardwood floors, don't overlook vacuuming. For weekly or biweekly cleaning, vacuum with a floor-brush attachment. Do not use a vacuum with a beater bar attachment, which can scratch a wood floor's finish. For quick dusting, use disposable electrostatic cloths ($8, Target ). Mold growth on wood surfaces can be a common problem in many households. If not addressed properly, it can lead to structural damage and pose health risks. When it comes to cleanin...The laser cleaning machine can remove the stains and discoloration without damaging the wood's surface. Additionally, laser cleaning machines can be used to clean and restore wooden floors. The machine can remove dirt and grime from the floor's surface without damaging the wood. This is a great way to breathe new life into a wooden floor …Regular cleaning of your hardwood floors with vinegar will impact the floor since vinegar is acidic and will gradually dissolve the protective coating, leaving the surface to seem dull. Don’t miss the comprehensive guide on the surprising way vinegar can damage wood floors. After 12 to 24 months of consistent cleaning with vinegar and …While using ammonia and other harsh chemicals will ruin your hardwood floors, other agents are designed to clean and maintain them safely and keep them looking new for many years. You can create your own cleaning solution with a spray bottle to clean your wood floors. Mix 4 cups of distilled vinegar with 1 teaspoon of pure castile soap …Sep 13, 2023 · The best way to clean hardwood floors is removing all the grit that could scratch your floors during the mopping process. Pass over the room with a soft-bristled broom or microfiber mop designed to attract and trap dust. Use this opportunity to check again for any floor damage, such as chair leg scratches or color changes from the sun. Weiman Wood Cleaner: This product restores, moisturizes, conditions, cleans, and protects. You can use it on cabinets, doors, oak furniture, and more. Method …Let it sit for a few minutes before wiping it off with a clean cloth. Steam cleaning: Another effective way to disinfect your wooden pizza peel is by using a steam cleaner. The high temperature of the steam can kill 99.9% of germs and bacteria, making it a great option for deep cleaning wooden peels.Start by placing a clean, thick towel on top of the stain. With your iron on a dry low-to-medium setting, press over the towel (making sure the soleplate doesn't touch the wood) for several ...To gently remove dirt and dust from old wood, all you need is water, mild dish soap, and a soft cloth. Wipe the wooden object down with a dry microfiber cloth ...Jul 7, 2023 · Step 2: Mix Cleaning Solution. In a large bucket or sink, combine 1 gallon of water with 1 cup of distilled white vinegar or 1/2 cup of cleaning vinegar. If you decide to use a commercial hardwood floor cleaner, follow the product instructions carefully. 1 Dampen a lint-free cloth slightly. A dry cloth can help rid the surface of wood furniture of dust, but you often wind up sending the dust airborne. To avoid spreading it to the rest of your home, wet a soft, …Tools for deep cleaning wood floors. To get the most from your deep clean, be sure to have the right tools and cleaners. Dry Mop/Broom/Vacuum for cleaning prep and removing the initial layer of dust and dirt. The Bona Mop has everything you need for wet and dry use. If you have a vacuum, make sure it’s safe for wood floors.Vacuum your furniture or dust it with a cloth on the surface and in any crevices. You can use white vinegar diluted in water for cleaning, or white vinegar mixed with olive oil for a clean and polish. Make sure your rag is soft and damp (not dripping), and buff the furniture dry with a clean cloth afterwards. Method 1.How to regularly clean cabinets. Whether your cabinets are finished wood, laminate or painted wood, consider these simple instructions to keep your kitchen looking clean and bright.Use Dish Soap and Water: Mix dish soap with warm water in a bucket. Dip a rag or sponge into the soapy water and gently scrub the affected area of the wood. Rinse off any remaining soap with clean water and pat dry with a clean towel. Because dish soap is mild, it won’t further damage the wood. 3.Method 2: Use Baking Soda. Another great way to clean wood smoke damage is using baking soda. First, create a paste using equal parts baking soda and water, then use a clean cloth to apply it to the affected surfaces. Gently rub the area in a circular motion until the residue comes off, then wipe away with a damp cloth.Allow the wood-burning tip to soak in the vinegar for at least 30 minutes. Once finished, remove the wood-burning tip from the vinegar and use a soft brush to remove any lingering residue. 3. Use Baking Soda. Baking soda is another. non-toxic option for cleaning your wood-burning tips.Make sure to clean wood surfaces before applying beeswax polish to them. Wipe away any loose dirt or dust, clean and allow it to dry completely. Using a soft, clean cloth or paper towel, apply a small amount of furniture polish to your wood surface.The popular hardwood floor cleaner company, Bona, makes a specific cabinet-cleaning product. I was eager to try it after reading great reviews of their floor care system and cleaner. The spray-bottle formula was too drippy for my liking, but had almost no scent (a win in my book!) and worked well on crevice and surface stains.There are a dozen different ways you can finish (or refinish) wood furniture. Knowing more about the different finishes available can help determine what will work best for your pr...Gently scrub the glass in a circular motion to remove any build-up, then wipe it clean with a damp cloth. 7. Avoid using harsh chemicals. When cleaning your wood burner glass, it’s best to avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials. These can damage the glass and create more problems in the long run.Clean wood before staining it to remove dirt, debris, oil, and grease — and to help with a smooth finish when the whole process is done. A mix of dish soap and warm water is usually sufficient to clean the wood. After cleaning the wood, make sure you also sand it properly.Clean wood before staining it to remove dirt, debris, oil, and grease — and to help with a smooth finish when the whole process is done. A mix of dish soap and warm water is usually sufficient to clean the wood. After cleaning the wood, make sure you also sand it properly.Jan 19, 2023 ... Sweep daily, if possible. Then, follow up with a dry mop, or dust mop, to pick up remaining dirt. A microfiber mop will also help maintain the ...Nov 9, 2023 · Their electromagnetic fibers will pick up dust effectively. View Deal. 2. Start with simple soap and water. There are plenty of great DIY cleaning solutions you can make to polish your wood furniture, but it is often best to start with dish soap and water, Shlomo Cherniak, handyman and owner of Cherniak Handyman Services recommends. Method #3: Spray Bottle and Microfiber Mop. If you prefer a spray bottle and microfiber mop, this works great – I recommend this microfiber mop. Mix up the same solution that you’d put in a refillable spray mop bottle, wet the mop head with water and wring out. Then spray and wipe, working in 4-6 foot sections.Cleaning the house floor is very important for staying healthy. And when you or any member of your household has Athlete’s Foot, it must be cleaned properly. That’s why you need to know how to clean wood floors after an athlete’s foot. I will give details about this matter throughout today’s inclusive dissertation.An Accoya deck should be cleaned thoroughly once a year, with some light cleaning throughout the year. Clean the Accoya deck with water and stiff brush.Murphy® Oil Soap cleans wood furniture and surfaces, to restore a natural shine and leave your home looking fresh and beautiful. PRODUCTS. WOOD TIPS. BUY NOW. FAQS. MURPHY ® ... Read our blog for tips & …When it comes to building projects, lumber is one of the most important materials you need. It’s also one of the most expensive, so it’s important to get the most value out of your...Natural orange oil contains limonene, which is great for cleaning wood without damaging its finish. It not only cleans the wood, but if you apply it on unsealed wood, it will also replenish its natural oils. It conditions the surface and lastly polishes the wood too. But it is not a great finish since it does not dry to a film.Feb 28, 2022 · If the finish appears damaged when you test the dishwashing liquid, clean the furniture with water only. 3. Combine the water and detergent in a bucket. Add 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of the dishwashing liquid and ½ gallon (1.9 l) of warm water to a large bucket. Mix the two together well to create a cleaning solution. A natural, effective, streak free, environmentally responsible, and non-toxic formula for all types of residential hardwood floors, and wood products.But that reaction comes in handy when you have a stubborn drain clog. Sprinkle 1/2 cup of baking soda down the drain and follow it with 1/2 cup of white vinegar. Cover the drain and let it sit for 30 minutes. "Follow it with hot water to flush away debris," says Sokolowski.In an empty jar, combine 2 cups of vinegar, 1/2 cup of olive oil and 1/2 castile soap. Shake well to combine. To use, mix 2 Tablespoons of the homemade cleaning concentrate with 16 ounces of water. One batch of concentrate makes 24 - 16 ounce spray bottles of floor cleaner. Use with a rag or mop to clean hardwood floors and other wood …How to clean wood furniture Finished furniture. Supplies: Microfiber cloth; Toothbrush; Dawn Dish Detergent; Original Pine-Sol Multi-Surface Cleaner; Guardsman …The best way to clean wood before beginning the finishing process is to sand it. Cleaning wood before finishing is crucial to getting a smooth, professional-looking finish. There are a few ways to clean wood, but some methods are better than others. The best way to clean wood is to remove dirt, dust, or debris with a soft cloth.Several cleaning products exist in the market, which can be used to clean the wood stove glass. Such products come purposely designed to clean the stove and its glass and be more effective when dealing with stubborn stains. Other simple ways of cleaning your stove include using a wet towel to wipe off the deposited soot.Mar 10, 2022 · Let it dry. After you’ve gone over your whole floor, wring out the mop, empty the bucket, and let the floor air-dry for about 15 to 20 minutes. Once the floor is dry to the touch, move any floor ... Oct 25, 2023 · But that reaction comes in handy when you have a stubborn drain clog. Sprinkle 1/2 cup of baking soda down the drain and follow it with 1/2 cup of white vinegar. Cover the drain and let it sit for 30 minutes. "Follow it with hot water to flush away debris," says Sokolowski. 1. Allow the chair to dry. Allow your chair to dry after wiping it down. This should only take between 10 and 20 minutes. To speed the drying time, you can place a fan overhead or beside the chair and turn it on high. If you are using a water-based cleaner, do not leave standing water on the wood to dry.Allow the wood-burning tip to soak in the vinegar for at least 30 minutes. Once finished, remove the wood-burning tip from the vinegar and use a soft brush to remove any lingering residue. 3. Use Baking Soda. Baking soda is another. non-toxic option for cleaning your wood-burning tips.Step 1: Dust Your Wood Furniture. Wipe down your furniture with a microfiber cloth to eliminate dust and grime. You can wipe the furniture with a slightly damp microfiber cloth for a more thorough cleaning. However, you don’t want to leave any water on your wood since it could leave a stain, so be sure to dry it quickly with a dry …For best results, dampen a microfiber cloth by holding a corner and lightly mist the cloth with clean water. Damp dusting with a …Unfold tack cloth: Open it fully, keep it folded for grip. Wipe wood: Gently press and drag cloth along grain, removing fine dust particles. Refold: Adjust tack cloth as it collects dust, exposing clean sections. Repeat: Wipe entire surface until dust-free. Inspect: Check wood under good light for remaining dust.Here’s the short answer: You should NOT use vinegar to clean your wood floors regularly. You won’t notice any damage right away, but over time, the acidity in the vinegar will break down the floor’s finish, allowing water to penetrate and degrade the wood. That said, you can get away with using vinegar to spot clean hardwood floors as ...Cleaning wood wax with white vinegar has many advantages: it is cost-effective and non-toxic to humans. Using white vinegar to remove wood wax takes a few steps. Start by mixing one tablespoon of cream of tartar . and a cup of white vinegar. Mix the two thoroughly to create a natural abrasive cleaner.Cleaning wood after laser engraving is the final touch that transforms a project from a raw creation to a masterpiece. By understanding the importance of post-engraving cleaning, employing appropriate methods, and adhering to helpful tips, you can ensure that your laser-engraved woodwork stands the test of time, maintaining its brilliance and allure.Common Cleaning Mistakes to Avoid When Cleaning Wood Cabinets 1. Using Abrasive Cleaners or Tools. Refrain from using abrasive cleaners or tools that …Method 2: Use Vinegar and Water. You can also clean your floor with vinegar and water solution. To do this, mix equal parts vinegar and water in a bucket. Then, use a mop or cloth to apply the mixture to your floor, scrubbing gently. If you’re finished, rinse the floor with clean water to remove any residue.5. Tea water. sweeann/Shutterstock. Polish buildup can wear the surface of your wood furniture. Tea bags help to remove the old polish and make it look good as new, per Maid For You. While furniture polish can do the trick for a while, it's a good idea to deep clean your wood occasionally.4. To remove stubborn grime from a wood banister, a mixture of vinegar and water can be an effective natural solution. The acidity of the vinegar helps to break down dirt and grease, leaving the banister clean and refreshed. 5. Many wood banisters, especially those made from speciality woods like teak or cherry, can be brought back to life with ...Aug 30, 2023 · Place a small amount onto a clean, soft cloth, and rub it gently into the surface of the wood, following the direction of the wood grain. Finish by buffing it with a clean, dry cloth. You can also protect wood furniture using a glass top, which can help keep away scratches and scuffs and add years to your furniture. Saturate a rag or sponge mop in your cleaning solution. Wring it out thoroughly so the mop is damp, not wet. Mop the floor with the cleaner, being careful to not put too much liquid on the floor. Rinse the mop with clean water, wring out excess, and damp mop the floor to remove the cleaner. Wipe up excess water with a clean, dry towel because ... Jan 3, 2019 · Minor Floor Repairs Make Hardwood Easier to Clean. Pick up a standard wood filler and a putty knife at your local hardware store, and go to town filling and smoothing any noticeable areas. Wait for it to dry, and then work on carefully staining the filled sections to match the original wood. It doesn’t have to be perfect, and the results will ... To use mineral spirits as a cleaner, grab a clean rag and pour some mineral spirits on it. Now apply the mineral spirits to the surface using the rag; rub in both clockwise and counterclockwise motions. If necessary, let the rag sit on the wood surface for a minute in areas with significant build-up.Jul 21, 2020 ... Use a well rung out cotton rag with very diluted mild dish soap + warm water for general cleaning. Every 3-6 mo use Howard Feed-n-Wax for ...For regular wood bowl cleaning use warm water with mild dishwashing soap and lightly scrub the bowl surface with a soft non-abrasive sponge or cloth. Rinse the bowl thoroughly in clean, warm water and hand dry with an absorbent towel. That’s the primary process of wood bowl cleaning. Continue reading to learn all the details for deep cleaning ...Pine Sol is good for cleaning hardwood floors but only if they are finished or sealed with a protective coat. It’s safe to use even on engineered wood floors but can cause damage if the floor is worn out, oiled, or waxed. Rinse well when cleaning with Pine Sol to prevent leaving residue on the floor. The manufacturers of Pine Sol describe it ...3. Rub the cleaner over the surface of the woodwork. Rub the moist rag over the surface of the woodwork. You can rub in small, gentle circles, but avoid rough scrubbing. The detergent needs time to break down the grease and wax. Allow a few minutes for the cleaner to set on the woodwork.A1: Yes, it is safe to clean wood floors with Fabuloso provided you use it within the directions and dilution ratios suggested by the manufacturer. It is important to familiarize yourself with the instructions carefully before cleaning your wood floor. However, as a general rule of thumb, never use pure Fabuloso or any undiluted solution ...Scrub the wood down using soapy water or a combination of detergent, bleach, and water to clean the wood. Always remember to protect yourself with proper safety ...Feb 14, 2024 · Step 4. You can use nail paint remover to remove the wood’s stickiness. Apply the nail polish eraser to the region with a cotton ball. Ensure you are distributing in the region where the residue is by rubbing the region in a circular motion. After letting it sit for a while, use a cotton cloth to clean the region. Oct 25, 2023 · But that reaction comes in handy when you have a stubborn drain clog. Sprinkle 1/2 cup of baking soda down the drain and follow it with 1/2 cup of white vinegar. Cover the drain and let it sit for 30 minutes. "Follow it with hot water to flush away debris," says Sokolowski. Fabuloso is effective in killing 99% of the bacteria and viruses on your wood floors and any other hard surface. In addition, you can use it to clean hard stained fabrics or as a sanitizer. Fabuloso is a …Sep 11, 2017 ... Most objects with firm, stable surfaces can be safely cleaned of loose dirt using a soft paintbrush and vacuum cleaner. If the brush has a metal ...When selecting flooring or furniture, you may have noticed a significant price difference between brands, types of wood and manufactured wood. It isn’t uncommon for consumers to pi...Feb 28, 2022 · If the finish appears damaged when you test the dishwashing liquid, clean the furniture with water only. 3. Combine the water and detergent in a bucket. Add 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of the dishwashing liquid and ½ gallon (1.9 l) of warm water to a large bucket. Mix the two together well to create a cleaning solution. 8. Weiman Furniture Polish & Wood Cleaner Spray. This wood cleaner spray from Weiman has a multipurpose formula that gently cleans, moisturizes, …4. To remove stubborn grime from a wood banister, a mixture of vinegar and water can be an effective natural solution. The acidity of the vinegar helps to break down dirt and grease, leaving the banister clean and refreshed. 5. Many wood banisters, especially those made from speciality woods like teak or cherry, can be brought back to life with ...A clean wood stove or fireplace window is essential to be able to fully enjoy the flames. I’ve just tried cleaning our log burner glass with 5 of the most commonly recommended FREE methods, and one of them was the clear winner.. I tested the methods that you can see outlined in the table of contents below, but I’ll let you know what I think …Refinish and Polish the Wood Floor. Cleaning, washing, wear and tear eventually do catch up with the hardwood floor. One of the easiest ways to rejuvenate floors is to apply new wood polish and restorer. Oreck buffer and polisher machine is a good bet and all you need to get the job done without hiring a professional.Oct 14, 2021 ... 2. How to clean wood coffee table using white vinegar · First, dust your wood using a moistened cloth dipped in water and wipe out the coffee ...Oct 14, 2021 ... 2. How to clean wood coffee table using white vinegar · First, dust your wood using a moistened cloth dipped in water and wipe out the coffee ...May 19, 2023 · 1. Sweep or dust your floors daily. For quick, everyday maintenance, use a broom or microfiber dust mop to pick up dust, dirt and crumbs that accumulate throughout the day. This will help prevent ... Mop with the wood grain – Whether cleaning, rinsing or drying, always wipe in the direction of the floorboards. This prevents scratches. Add essential oils – I love adding 5-10 drops of lemon oil to leave a fresh, clean scent after cleaning. Dust mop regularly – Weekly dust mopping keeps floors cleaner between deep cleanings.

Wood-look tile floors are currently trending, and it’s easy to see why. With this type of flooring, you get the beauty and warmth of wood with the durability of tile. But if you’ve never had them before, you might wonder how to clean wood look tile floors. Wood-look tile floors are incredibly easy to clean.. The masked singer season 10

cleaning wood

Wood furniture is a beautiful addition to any home, but it requires regular maintenance to keep it looking its best. One of the most important steps in caring for your wood furnitu...Weiman Wood Cleaner: This product restores, moisturizes, conditions, cleans, and protects. You can use it on cabinets, doors, oak furniture, and more. Method …Available in powder, spray and concentrated liquid Bartoline Sugar Soap is a easy to use, highly effective wood and household cleaner. It's non toxic and ...May 11, 2022 · Give your hardwood floor a daily once-over. Don’t wait for a big clean to remove dirt or grit, “which becomes like sandpaper underfoot,” says Miller, from your hardwood floors. Instead, use a microfiber or terrycloth mop or soft broom work to sweep it daily. You can also use a vacuum, but make sure it has a hardwood floor setting and that ... Vacuum your furniture or dust it with a cloth on the surface and in any crevices. You can use white vinegar diluted in water for cleaning, or white vinegar mixed with olive oil for a clean and polish. Make sure your rag is soft and damp (not dripping), and buff the furniture dry with a clean cloth afterwards. Method 1.Create a mild solution of dishwashing liquid (not dishwasher products) with fresh, clean, warm water. Use a 5% dishwashing liquid to 95% water ratio. Clean stained or painted wood cabinets. Wipe down the surface of your cabinets with a clean, damp cloth. If needed, dry wet or damp surfaces with another clean soft cloth.Jun 15, 2023 · The best way to clean wood before beginning the finishing process is to sand it. Cleaning wood before finishing is crucial to getting a smooth, professional-looking finish. There are a few ways to clean wood, but some methods are better than others. The best way to clean wood is to remove dirt, dust, or debris with a soft cloth. Allow the compressed air to blast the wood dust away from the sanded region by positioning the air compressor’s nozzle so that it is near the wood and at an angle of 45 degrees. After this, clean the surface of your wood with a towel that has been dampened with water or mineral spirits.Jun 27, 2022 ... Clean outdoor wood furniture lightly with a damp cloth and mild soapy solution or warm water. If the piece requires deeper cleaning, scrub with ...Recycled wood crafts are a great way to reuse old wood scraps that you've got lying around. Here are 10 things made from recycled wood to consider making. Advertisement Woodworking...Step 1: Dust Your Wood Furniture. Wipe down your furniture with a microfiber cloth to eliminate dust and grime. You can wipe the furniture with a slightly damp microfiber cloth for a more thorough cleaning. However, you don’t want to leave any water on your wood since it could leave a stain, so be sure to dry it quickly with a dry …The best way to clean hardwood floors is removing all the grit that could scratch your floors during the mopping process. Pass over the room with a soft-bristled broom or microfiber mop designed to attract and ….

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